Question
"'अन्टू दिस लास्ट' का उपयुक्त प्रतिपादन (rendering) सर्वोदय के स्थान पर अंत्योदय (अंतिम व्यक्ति का उत्थान) होना चाहिए।" टिप्पणी कीजिए।
Answer :
Word Count : 883
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Skip in 10
जॉन रस्किन की कृति *Unto This Last* का गांधी द्वारा किया गया पाठ और उसका भारतीय संदर्भ में रूपांतरण केवल एक साहित्यिक अनुवाद नहीं, बल्कि एक गहन नैतिक, सामाजिक और आर्थिक पुनर्व्याख्या है। गांधी ने इस कृति को अपने जीवन का निर्णायक मोड़ माना और इसके तीन मूल सिद्धांतों—सभी के कल्याण की समान महत्ता, श्रम की गरिमा, और सादगीपूर्ण जीवन—को अपने चिंतन का आधार बनाया। परंतु प्रश्न यह उठता है कि क्या *Unto This Last* का सर्वाधिक उपयुक्त प्रतिपादन ‘सर्वोदय’ है या ‘अंत्योदय’। यह प्रश्न गांधी के दर्शन, भारतीय सामाजिक यथार्थ और सतत विकास की अवधारणा के आलोक में विशेष महत्व रखता है। ‘सर्वोदय’ का शाब्दिक अर्थ है—सभी का उदय, सभी का कल्याण। गांधी ने प्रारंभ में इस शब्द का प्रयोग रस्किन के विचारों के अनुवाद के रूप में किया, क्योंकि यह विचार पश्चिमी उपयोगितावाद और पूंजीवादी विकास मॉडल के विरुद्ध एक समावेशी नैतिक विकल्प प्रस्तुत करता है। सर्वोदय में समाज की प्रगति को समग्र रूप से देखा जाता है, जिसमें किसी एक वर्ग या व्यक्ति का हित अन्य के शोषण पर आधारित नहीं होना चाहिए। यह विचार पारंपरिक विकास दृष्टिकोण से भिन्न है, जो बहुधा ‘अधिकतम लोगों के अधिकतम सुख’ की बात करता है, भले ही उसमें सबसे कमजोर वर्ग छूट जाए।
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